Nazwy chlewu w języku starogreckim

Elwira Kaczyńska; Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak

doi:10.18290/rh25733.4

Published : 2025-07-07

Vol. 73 No. 3 (2025)

Terms for Pigsty in Ancient Greek

Elwira Kaczyńska

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4545-1927

Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8895-974X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/rh25733.4

Abstract

The article discusses seven Greek terms for ‘pigsty’ recorded in ancient times (συφεός, συοβαύβαλος, χοιροκομεῖον, χοιροτροφεῖον, ὑοφορβεῖον, ὑών, καπρών). These lexemes were subjected to a morphological and etymological analysis with particular emphasis on the Homericism συφεός. Our research demonstrated that the oldest appellatives, which are usually complex formations, describe the pigsty as a place where pigs are fattened. Starting from the Hellenistic epoch, innovative terms for ‘pigsty’, derived from terms denoting the domesticated pig (κάπρος, σῦς, ὗς, χοῖρος) by means of the suffix -ών (e.g. καπρών, ὑών, afterwards συών, χοιρεών) gained importance. The transformation of a collective noun into a nomen loci was observed in one case (Gk. συβόσιον || συβώσιον ‘herd of pigs’ > ‘pigsty’).

Keywords:

agriculture, animal breeding, etymology, Greek vocabulary, word-formation

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