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    Published : 2023-06-23
    Vol. 71 No. 4 (2023)

    Vote of Marshal Stanisław Lubomirski in Szczepanów. The issues of the foundation, form and authorship of the church of St. Stanislaus

    Ryszard Mączyński

    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2961-1329

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/rh23714.3

    Abstract

    This article is devoted to the Church of St. Stanislaus (Stanisław) in Szczepanów near Brzesko in Lesser Poland. The name of the place is widely known, since it is from there that the canonised bishop of Kraków, Stanislaus (Stanisław) (ca. 1030–1079), came, and who, after his martyrdom at the hands of King Bolesław II the Generous (ca. 1042–1081), became one of the most important patrons of the Kingdom of Poland. However, the eighteenth-century temple which has been preserved to modern times, and which, according to tradition, stood on the site of his family home, remains virtually unknown. It is small, consisting of a rectangular nave, with the character of a hall, and a slightly narrower presbytery. The entire visual effect is focused on the façade, which closes this long perspective and which is distinguished by an exquisite neoclassical style clearly referring to the shape of the triumphal arch. On the façade itself there are two plaques with Latin inscriptions, informing us about the act of foundation and displaying the Szreniawa coat of arms, which was used by the Lubomirski family. This article focuses on three main issues: explaining the reasons for the foundation, analysing the architectural form of the temple, and identifying the apparent author of the project.

    In summarising the research undertaken on the church of St. Stanislaus in Szczepanów, there are three main conclusions to be drawn. The brick temple was a personal votive offering made by Stanisław Lubomirski (1722–1783), the Grand Marshal of the Crown, to his own patron-namesake in the hope of his heavenly intercession in the difficult times of the progress of an incurable disease and the fear of impending death; the founder died of tuberculosis less than two years after making arrangements for his will. This investment, started in 1781, resulted in the construction of a temple, albeit a small one, but modern in terms of functionality, and distinguished by its advanced classicist style, which at that time was still a rarity in the Commonwealth, especially in Lesser Poland. The designer of this hitherto anonymous work was undoubtedly the architect Stanisław Zawadzki (1743–1806), who was active in the Warsaw community and a graduate of the Academy of St. Luke in Rome. This is supported by the formal analogies with other sacral buildings he built in Mazovia, as shown and discussed in this article: the parish church in Nowy Dwór (ca. 1780) and the church of the Royal Foot Guards in Warsaw (1781).

    Keywords:

    Stanisław Lubomirski Grand Marshal of the Crown, Stanisław Zawadzki architect, St. Stanislaus the Martyr, a votive offering of thanksgiving and supplication, the Church of St. Stanislaus in Szczepanów, the Parish Church in Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki, the Parish Church in Krzyżanowice, the Church of the Royal Foot Guard in Warsaw, sacral architecture of the XVIII century, Classicism



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    Roczniki Humanistyczne · ISSN 0035-7707 | eISSN 2544-5200 | DOI: 10.18290/rh
    © The Learned Society of the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin & The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Faculty of Humanities


    Articles are licensed under a Creative Commons  Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)