Eksperymenty myślowe w filozofii – przegląd stanowisk

Piotr Biłgorajski

doi:10.18290/rf23713.6

Published : 2023-09-27

Vol. 71 No. 3 (2023)

Thought Experiments in Philosophy: Review of Positions

Piotr Biłgorajski

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-3455

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/rf23713.6

Abstract

The widespread use of thought experiments in philosophy has made thought experiments themselves an increasingly common subject of philosophical analysis. Different authors, starting from various epistemological and metaphysical assumptions, have proposed a variety of views on the nature of thought experiments. The purpose of this paper is a critical analysis of these positions. In the first, I give a general characterization of thought experiments assuming the similarity of thought experiments and real experiments. In the second part, I discuss the typologizations of thought experiments present in the literature. In the third part, I present six concepts of thought experiment.

Keywords:

metaphilosophy, thought experiments, imagination, analogies, argumentation

Details

References

Statistics

Authors

Download files

pdf (Język Polski)

Altmetric indicators

Cited by / Share

Licence

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

References

Ajdukiewicz, Kazimierz. 1975. Logika Pragmatyczna. Warszawa: PWN.

Baggini, Julian. 2011. Żuk w pudełku oraz 99 innych eksperymentów myślowych. Tłum. Dominika Cieśla-Szymańska. Warszawa: WAB.

Bartha, Paul. 2010. By Parallel Reasoning. The Construction and Evaluation of Analogical Arguments. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Blackburn, Simon. 1994. Oksfordzki słownik filozoficzny. Tłum. Jan Woleński. Warszawa: Książka i Wiedza.

Brown, James. 1991. The Laboratory of Mind. Thought Experiments in the Natural Sciences. London: Routledge.

Brożek, Anna, i Jacek Jadacki. 2012. „Eksperymenty myślowe w filozofii”. Filozofia Nauki 78, nr 2: 5–28.

Brożek, Bartosz. 2016. Myślenie. Przewodnik użytkownika. Kraków: Copernicus Center Press.

Carroll, Noël. 2002. „Sztuka a krytyka etyczna. Przegląd najnowszych kierunków badań”. Teksty Drugie: teoria literatury, krytyka, interpretacja 1/2 (73/74): 81–115.

Chandrasekharan, Sanjay, Nancy Nersessian i Vrishali Subramanian. 2012. „Computational Modeling: Is This the End of Thought Experimenting in Science?”. W: Thought Experiments in Philosophy, Science and the Arts, red. Melanie Frappier, Letitia Meynell i James Robert Brown, 239–260. London: Routledge.

Daly, Chris. 2010. Introduction to Philosophical Methods, Peterborough: Broadview Press.

Dennett, Daniel. 2013. Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking, New York: W. W. Norton & Company. Polski przekład: 2015. Dźwignie wyobraźni i inne narzędzia do myślenia. Tłum. Łukasz Kurek. Kraków: Copernicus Center Press.

Doolitle, Ford. 2012. „Craig Venter’s New Life: The Realization of Some Thought Experiments in Biological Ontology”. W: Thought Experiments in Philosophy, Science and the Arts, red. Melanie Frappier, Letitia Meynell i James Robert Brown, 160–176. London: Routledge.

Engel, Pascal. 2011. „Philosophical Thought Experiments. In or out of the Armchair?”. W: Thought Experiments in Methodological and Historical Contexts, red. Katerina Ierodiakonou i Sophie Roux. Leiden: Brill, 143-164.

Gendler, Tamar. 2000. Thought Experiment. On the Power and Limits of Imaginary Cases. New York: Garland Publishing.

Gendler, Tamar. 2004. „Thought Experiments Rethought and Reperceived”. Philosophy of Science 71, 1152–1163.

Grobler, Adam. 2006. Metodologia nauk, Kraków: Znak.

Jackson, Frank. 1986. „What Mary Didn’t Know”. Journal of Philosophy 83, no. 5: 291–295.

Kuhn, Thomas. 1985. Dwa bieguny. Tłum. Stefan Amsterdamski, Warszawa: PIW.

Kuhn, Thomas. 2009. Struktura rewolucji naukowych. Tłum. Helena Ostromęcka, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Aletheia.

Leibniz, Gottfried. 1969. Zasady filozofii, czyli monadologia. Tłum. Stefan Cichowicz. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.

Moulton, Samuel, i Stephen Kosslyn. 2009. „Imagining Predictions Mental Imagery as Mental Emulation”. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences 364(1521): 1273-80.

Nersessian, Nancy. 2018. „Cognitive Science, Mental Modeling, and Thought Experiments”. W:] The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments, red. Michael T. Stuart, Yiftach Fehige I James Robert Brown, 309-326. London: Routledge.

Norton, John. 2004. „On Thought Experiments: Is There More to the Argument?”. Philosophy of Science 71: 1139–1151.

Popper, Karl. 2002. Logika odkrycia naukowego. Tłum. Urszula Niklas. Warszawa: Aletheia.

Schick, Theodore, i Lewis Vaughn. 1998. Doing Philosophy. An Introduction Through Thought Experiments. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Schulzke, Marcus. 2014. „Simulating Philosophy: Interpreting Video Games as Executable Thought Experiments”. Philosophy and Technology 27: 251–265.

Sorensen, Roy. 1992. Thought Experiments. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Szymanek, Krzysztof. 2021. Sztuka argumentacji. Nowy słownik terminologiczny. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.

Thomson, Judith. 1971. „A Defense of Abortion”. Philosophy and Public Affairs 1: 47–66.

Wilkes, Kathleen. 2003. Real People: Personal Identity without Thought Experiments. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Williamson, Timothy. 2007. The Philosophy of Philosophy. Malden: Blackwell.

Williamson, Timothy. 2016. „Knowing by Imagining”. W: Knowledge Through Imagination, red. Amy Kind i Peter Kung, 113–123. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Zawadzki, Przemysław. 2017. „Poznawczy status eksperymentów myślowych. Platonizm, empiryzm, modele mentalne i analogia”. Filozofia Nauki 98, nr 2: 121–135.