The editorial team may consider retracting a text if:

– there is clear evidence of unreliability of the research results, fabrication of data, as well as unintentional errors (e.g. calculation errors, methodological errors);
– the research results have been previously published elsewhere without appropriate reference to previous sources or disclosure of such information to the editors, without consent to re-publication or without justification (cases of unnecessary publications);
– it contains materials or data without appropriate consent for their use (e.g. the right to use illustrations, the right to use an image, other licenses or sublicenses – also the wrong fields of use or time limits of such consent/licenses);
– it violates copyright or dependent rights;
– during the research, ethical procedures were not followed or regulations at international, national and institutional levels were not observed;
– the principle of no conflict of interest of the authors, reviewers or editors was violated, which affects the interpretation of the texts;
– the work is indicative of plagiarism, self-plagiarism or violates other ethical principles.

Notification of retraction is equal to retraction of an article. This notification should include information about the person (at least the title(s) and surname(s) of the Author(s) of the work) and the reasons for retraction (to distinguish unintentional errors from intentional abuses). Retracted texts are not removed from the published version of the journal, but the fact and reason for their retraction will be clearly marked. This does not apply to situations in which the legitimate legal interest of the author, editors, publisher or third parties is violated – in such cases the text may be retracted and the editors are obliged to publish an explanatory note. The author has the right to appeal the editors decision.

In other cases the editors follow the recommendations indicated in the COPE Retraction Guidelines and COPE Flowcharts.

Erratum / Corrigendum

In cases of minor errors which do not affect either the research results or the major conclusions, an erratum or a corrigendum will be published.