Tomasz Rzepiński Struktury wyjaśniania statystycznego. Warunek istotności statystycznej w analizie podgrup randomizowanych badań klinicznych

Tomasz Rzepiński

doi:10.18290/rf.2018.66.2-4

Published : 2018-06-28

Vol. 66 No. 2 (2018)

The Structures of Statistical Explanation: Statistical Relevance Condition in Subgroup Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Tomasz Rzepiński

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/rf.2018.66.2-4

Abstract

The subject of analysis undertaken in the article is the procedure of statistical explanation. For this purpose a specific type of biomedical study, so called subgroup analysis of randomized clinical trials (SA), was discussed. It was shown that the validity of statistical explanations can not be determined by analyzing only the structure of explanation, as is the case in the statistical significance model (S-R) proposed by W. Salmon. Therefore, the statistical explanatory procedure is, in contrast to the other explanatory forms, dependent on the research procedures underlying the formulation of statistical theorems.

Keywords:

statistical explanation, statistical relevance condition, clinical studies, subgroup analysis

Details

References

Statistics

Authors

Download files

pdf (Język Polski)

Citation rules

Rzepiński, T. (2018). The Structures of Statistical Explanation: Statistical Relevance Condition in Subgroup Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Roczniki Filozoficzne, 66(2), 65–86. https://doi.org/10.18290/rf.2018.66.2-4

Altmetric indicators

Cited by / Share

Licence

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

References

Ajdukiewicz, Kazimierz. 1975. Logika pragmatyczna. Wyd. III. Warszawa: PWN.

Gillies, Donald. 2010. Philosophical Theories of Probability. London, New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group,.

GISSI. 1986. „Effectiveness of intravenous thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell Infarctio Miocardico (GISSI)”. The Lancet 2: 397–402.

Hajduk, Zygmunt. 2016. Struktury metodologiczne w nauce. Słowa klucze filozofii nauki. Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL.

Hempel, Carl G., i Paul Oppenheim. 1948. „Studies in the Logic of Explanation”. Philosophy of Science, 15: 567–579.

Hempel, Carl G. 1965. Aspects of Scientific Explanation and other Essays in the Philosophy of Science. New York: The Free Press

ISSIS-2 [Second International Study of Infarct Survival]. 1988. „Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17 187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction”. Lancet 2: 349–360.

Kmita, Jerzy. 1975. Wykłady z logiki i metodologii nauk. Warszawa: PWN.

Lee, Thomas H., Monica C. Weisberg, Donald B. Brand, Gregory W. Rouan i Lee Goldman. 1989, „Candidates for thrombolysis among emergency room patients with acute chest pain”. Annals of Internal Medicine, 110 (12): 957–962.

Oxman, Andrew D., i Gordon Guyatt. 1992. „A Consumer’s Guide to Subgroup Analyses”. Annals of Internal Medicine 116 (1): 78–84.

Rzepiński, Tomasz. 2011. „Proces wyjaśniania a rewizja wiedzy na przykładzie odkrycia zjawiska kardioprotekcji”. Roczniki Filozoficzne 59 (2): 277–299.

Rzepiński, Tomasz. 2016. „Problemy epistemologiczne analizy podgrup randomizowanych badań klinicznych”. Filozofia Nauki 24 (4): 73–94.

Rzepiński, Tomasz (w druku). „Twierdzenie Bayesa w projektowaniu strategii diagnostycznych w medycynie”. Diametros.

Salmon, Wesley C. 2006. Four Decades of Scientific Explanation. Pitsburgh, Pa.: University of Pitsburgh Press.

Yusuf, Salim, Janet Wittes, Jeffrey Probstfield i Herman A. Tylor. 1991. „Analysis and Interpretation of Treatment Effects in Subgroups of Patients in Randomized Clinical Trials”. Journal of American Medical Association 266 (1): 93-98.