Annals of Psychology (the continuation of Annals of Philosophy no 4, Psychology), published quarterly, is an academic psychological journal. It aims to present up-to-date, original empirical results and influential theoretical contributions in various areas of psychology, and to promote new and creative ideas about research and psychological methods. The Journal accepts contributions of three kinds: 1) original articles, on both empirical and conceptual character, 2) short communications, and 3) polemics, which consists of a focus article followed by peer commentaries and a response by the author of the focus article. Annals of Psychology guarantees rigorous peer review process. The Journal is addressed to academics, practitioners in different areas of applied psychology and to representatives of related sciences with an interest in important new psychological ideas and findings. The Journal is published quarterly (four issues a year) in English. Articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL & Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Dyadic Coping and Relationship Quality: The Polish Version of the Dyadic Coping Inventory in Actor-Partner Interdependence Model Analyses
Dyadic coping (DC) is a key mechanism that supports relationship functioning; however, in Poland, there are no studies using comprehensive tools to assess these processes from a couple-level perspective. The aim of the present study was to examine the associations between DC strategies and romantic relationship quality, as well as to introduce the Polish version of the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI). We studied 275 heterosexual couples (N = 550) who completed the Polish DCI and the Partnership Functioning Scale (PFB). We applied the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) within a structural equation modelling (SEM) framework, controlling for relationship duration, financial situation, number of children, and relationship status. The models demonstrated excellent fit (RMSEA = 0.043–0.050; CFI = 0.981–0.987; TLI = 0.969–0.978). Actor effects were stronger than partner effects, particularly for positive strategies (supportive and common), which most strongly predicted relationship quality (R² up to 37%). Women more frequently reported stress communication, whereas men reported higher use of delegated and negative DC strategies. Men’s relationship quality was significantly associated with their perception of their partner’s stress communication and delegated support. In contrast, women were more sensitive to their own strategies and their perception of their partner’s engagement in common coping. The Polish adaptation of the DCI is a valuable tool for studying coping mechanisms in couples and may be useful in clinical practice. The findings highlight the crucial role of constructive DC strategies in fostering relationship quality, with an asymmetrical importance of self versus partner behaviours for women and men.
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How Do Narcissistic People Use Defense Styles? The Importance of Focusing on the Hedonistic Present or the Negative Past
Narcissism affects how people interpret and react to psychological stressors. How stressful events are processed with temporal categories may play a role in the adaptivity of the defense mechanisms used. This study aimed to test whether the connection of narcissism with adaptive and maladaptive defense styles is mediated by present hedonistic and past negative time perspectives—two perspectives related to the characteristics of narcissism. N = 719 participants from the general population took part in the online panel-based questionnaire study. The results show that narcissism relates positively to adaptive and maladaptive defense styles. This relationship is mediated by the present hedonistic time perspective in both models and the past negative time perspective only in the case of maladaptive defense style as a dependent variable. The results show empirical evidence for the twofold nature of narcissism and present hedonism in coping with stressors. They also hint at using time perspective themes in the therapeutic work on defense mechanisms in people with high narcissism. This is the first study to assess time perspectives in the context of defense mechanisms and narcissism performed on a large sample. It is valuable for scientific and practical settings given the high prevalence of narcissistic traits in the population.
Adaptive Self-Concept Mediates the Well-Established Relationship Between Attachment and Self-Care
This study utilized the adaptive self-concept model to investigate the role of attachment anxiety and avoidance in self-care functioning. Specifically, the study explored how attachment insecurity contributes to self-care both directly and indirectly through clarity, openness, self-distance, non-rumination, and modifiability of the self-concept. The mediation model was tested using path analysis with 320 participants drawn from established adulthood, a life stage spanning ages 30–45, marked by intersecting career, relational, and caregiving demands. The Experiences in Close Relationships–Revised Short Form (ECR-RS), the Adaptive Self-Concept Questionnaire (ASCQ), and the Self-Care Questionnaire (SCQ) were used to collect data. The results supported a simplified model that included partial mediation and accounted for nearly 65% of the variance in self-care. Self-concept clarity emerged as the dominant contributor to the adverse effect of attachment insecurity on self-care capacity. In contrast, modifiability of the self-concept did not mediate the link between attachment and self-care. The findings reinforce the notion that individuals who experience high attachment anxiety and avoidance are more likely to engage in various forms of self-neglect and hazardous behaviors. They also provide insight into the specific aspects of the self-concept at play between attachment dimensions and self-care. Further studies could clarify the extent to which the adaptive self-concept may be a target for interventions to improve individuals’ ability to care for themselves.
Development and Psychometric Properties of the Family Loyalty Questionnaire: Family Loyalty, Identity and Attachment in Young Adults (FLQ-15)
The present article reports the development, validation, and introduction of the Family Loyalty Questionnaire (FLQ-15), a culturally grounded instrument designed to assess the multidimensional construct of family loyalty among emerging and established adults in Poland. Drawing on family systems theory and the construct of filial piety, the FLQ-15 captures three dimensions of family loyalty: Family Bond, Family Dependence, and Family Obligations. Two independent studies (N = 310 and N = 304) were conducted to examine the factorial structure, reliability, and validity of the instrument. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed a robust three-factor model with satisfactory internal consistency. The results support the multidimensional nature of family loyalty and its relevance for understanding the balance between relational obligations and individual autonomy during emerging adulthood. Results underscore both the adaptive (e.g., identity integration, emotional closeness) and maladaptive (e.g., autonomy suppression, dependency) roles of family loyalty during emerging and established adulthood. The FLQ-15 offers a reliable means of examining the psychological implications of intergenerational bonds and obligations, with practical applications in developmental research and therapeutic contexts.
Meaningful Work and Work-Family Interaction: A Scoping Review
The aim of this scoping review was to map the current situation of research on the relationship between work meaningfulness and work–family enrichment/work–family conflict. Four databases were used to identify relevant articles. Additional strategies were applied to search for relevant studies. In total, 24 articles were analyzed, of which 10 explored the relationship between work meaningfulness and work–family enrichment, and 14 explored the relationship between work meaningfulness and work–family conflict. Additionally, a meta-analysis was performed to summa­rize the relationship between work meaningfulness and work–family enrichment/work–family conflict. The meta-analytic results confirmed a moderate positive relationship between work mean­ingfulness and a positive work–family interaction and a weak negative relationship between work meaningfulness and negative work–family interaction. Theoretical explanations of the relationships are provided. The results are discussed, and ideas for future research are proposed.